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1.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 57(1): 17-21, jan.-mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177696

ABSTRACT

O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) se apresenta na realidade brasileira como importante causa de incapacitações e óbitos, sendo de especial interesse da saúde pública, também, devido à alta demanda de recursos para o tratamento de suas vítimas. Nesse contexto, análises sistemáticas sobre o tema são de grande relevância para o direcionamento de políticas preventivas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o perfil do TCE na região Nordeste do Brasil, através de estudo exploratório, descritivo, epidemiológico, de série temporal, de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2019, com dados secundários do DATASUS - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Foi constatado um aumento no número de internações e óbitos no período, sendo a maioria das vítimas do sexo masculino, da raça parda, com idade entre 20 e 39 anos. Os custos com internações são elevados e se encontram em ascensão.


raumatic brain injury (TBI) appears in the Brazilian reality as an important cause of disabilities and deaths, being of special interest to public health, also, due to the high demand for resources for the treatment of its victims. Based on this, systematic analyzes on the topic are of great relevance for the direction of preventive policies. The present work aims to analyze the profile of the TBI in Northeastern Brazil, through an exploratory, descriptive, epidemiological, time series study, from January 2009 to December 2019, with secondary data from DATASUS - Ministry of Health of Brazil. There was an increase in the number of hospitalizations and deaths in the period, with the majority of male victims, of brown race, aged between 20 and 39 years. Hospitalization costs are high and on the rise.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Studies , Time Series Studies , Mortality , Hospital Information Systems , Hospitalization/economics
2.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 56(4): 5-10, out.-dez. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1140795

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é considerado uma epidemia silenciosa e um grande problema de saúde pública mundial. Dados epidemiológicos precisos podem ajudar na formulação de políticas públicas e em estratégias para reduzir a incidência do TCE. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a epidemiologia do TCE grave de pacientes admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo com coleta de dados em prontuário eletrônico na UTI de um hospital da rede SUS do Distrito Federal. Foram analisados o perfil epidemiológico e os principais desfechos clínicos e funcionais de pacientes com TCE internados entre janeiro e dezembro de 2015. Uma análise estatística descritiva foi conduzida e os dados foram expressos em médias, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) e taxas. RESULTADOS: 227 pacientes foram estudados com média de idade de 38 anos (IC95% 36 a 40), sendo 84% (191/227) do sexo masculino. O principal mecanismo de trauma foi o acidente motociclístico, 19% (43/227) seguido dos atropelamentos, 18% (40/227). O tempo médio de ventilação mecânica foi de 14 dias, (IC95% 12 a 15) e os tempos médios de internação na UTI e hospitalar foram de 16 dias, (IC95% 14 a 18) e 42 dias, (IC95% 36 a 47), respectivamente. Apenas 16% (36/227) dos pacientes conseguiu permanecer em ortostase na alta da UTI. A taxa de mortalidade na UTI foi de 25% (57/227). CONCLUSÃO: Os homens jovens são os mais acometidos por TCE grave sendo o principal mecanismo o acidente motociclístico. Estes pacientes apresentam internação hospitalar prolongada e altas taxas de mortalidade


INTRODUCTION: traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been considered a silent epidemic and a major worldwide public health problem. Accurate epidemiological data can assist in the formulation of public policies and strategies to reduce the incidence of TBI. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of severe TBI in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: this is a retrospective study with data collected from electronic medical records from the ICU of a SUS hospital in the Federal District. The epidemiological profile and the main clinical and functional outcomes of patients with TBI hospitalized between January and December 2015 were analyzed. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted and data were expressed as averages, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and rates. RESULTS: 227 patients were studied with a mean age of 38 (95% CI 36 to 40), 84% (191/227) being male. The main mechanism of trauma was motorcycle collision, 19% (43/227) followed by pedestrian collision, 18% (40/227). The mean time of mechanical ventilation was 14 days, (95% CI 12 to 15) and the average length of stay in the ICU and hospital was 16 days, (95% CI 14 to 18) and 42 days, (95% CI 36 to 47), respectively. Only 16% (36/227) of patients managed to remain in orthostasis upon discharge from the ICU. The mortality rate in the ICU was 25% (57/227). CONCLUSION: Young men are the most affected by severe TBI, and the main mechanism was motorcycle accidents. These patients have prolonged hospital stays and high mortality rates


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Unified Health System , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Rehabilitation , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Mortality , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay
3.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 36(1): 74-84, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY | ID: biblio-1094228

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia sobre la administración de progesterona tras un trauma craneoencefálico grave en adultos y su relación con mortalidad y pronóstico neurológico. Criterios de inclusión: ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que incluyan a pacientes adultos mayores de 18 años, haber sufrido un traumatismo craneal grave (Glasgow <8), donde se compare la administración de progesterona vs grupo control (placebo o no administración). Método: se realizó la búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE, the Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE; Cochrane Injuries group y lista de referencia de los artículos. Resultados: no hubo reducción de la mortalidad comparado con el grupo control (RR 0,93, IC95% 0,79-1,10 p= 0,41), no hubo diferencias entre progesterona y el grupo control en desenlaces neurológicos positivos ni negativos (RR 1,07, IC95% 0,97-1,17 p= 0,20; RR 0,94, IC 95% 0,81-1,08 p= 0,27), respectivamente. Conclusiones: no se encontró evidencia respecto a que la administración de progesterona posterior a un traumatismo craneoencefálico reduzca la mortalidad o mejore desenlaces neurológicos, aunque se necesitan más estudios de buena calidad para extraer conclusiones definitivas.


Summary: Objective: to systematically review evidence on the administration of progesterone after a traumatic brain injury in adults and its relationship with mortality and neurological head prognosis. Inclusion criteria: randomized clinical trials that include: patients older than 12 years old, having had an injury (Glasgow <8), comparing the administration of Progesterone versus the control group (placebo or no administration). Methods: we searched the following databases: MEDLINE, the Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE; Cochrane Injury Group and reference list of articles. Results: there was no reduction in mortality in patients in the control group (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.79-1.10 p = 0.41), there were no differences between progesterone and the control group in favorable or adverse neurological outcomes (RR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.97-1.17 p = 0.20, RR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.81 -1,08 p= 0.27), respectively. Conclusions: there is no evidence that the administration of progesterone after a traumatic brain injury reduces or improves neurological results, although further good quality studies are required to obtain conclusive results.


Resumo: Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sistemática da evidência sobre a administração de progesterona depois de traumatismo crânio-encefálico grave em adultos e sua relação com a mortalidade e o prognóstico neurológico. Critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos aleatorizados que incluam: pacientes adultos maiores de 18 anos, haver sofrido um traumatismo craniano grave (Glasgow <8) donde se compare a administração de progesterona versus grupo controle (placebo ou não administração). Métodos: foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE, Cochrane Injuries Group e nas referências bibliográficas dos artigos. Resultados: não foi observada uma redução da mortalidade comparada com o grupo controle (RR 0,93, IC del 95%: 0,79-1,10 p= 0,41), não foram observadas diferenças entre o grupo que recebeu progesterona e o grupo controle nos resultados neurológicos positivos ou negativos (RR 1,07, IC del 95%: 0,97-1,17 p= 0,20; RR 0,94, IC del 95%: 0,81-1,08 p= 0,27), respectivamente. Conclusões: não se encontrou evidência de que a administração de progesterona depois de um traumatismo crânio-encefálico reduza a mortalidade ou melhore os resultados neurológicos embora novos estudos de boa qualidade sejam necessários para chegar a conclusões definitivas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Progesterone/therapeutic use , Craniocerebral Trauma/drug therapy , Prognosis , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality
4.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057224

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the events associated with the occurrence of intracranial hypertension (ICH) in pediatric patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of patients 18 years old and younger with cranioencephalic trauma, scores below nine on the Glasgow Coma Scale, and intracranial pressure monitoring. They were admitted between September, 2005 and March, 2014 into a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. ICH was defined as an episode of intracranial pressure above 20 mmHg for more than five minutes that needed treatment. Results: A total of 198 children and adolescents were included in the study, of which 70.2% were males and there was a median age of nine years old. ICH occurred in 135 (68.2%) patients and maximum intracranial pressure was 36.3 mmHg, with a median of 34 mmHg. A total of 133 (97.8%) patients with ICH received sedation and analgesia for treatment of the condition, 108 (79.4%) received neuromuscular blockers, 7 (5.2%) had cerebrospinal fluid drainage, 105 (77.2%) received mannitol, 96 (70.6%) received hyperventilation, 64 (47.1%) received 3% saline solution, 20 (14.7%) received barbiturates, and 43 (31.9%) underwent a decompressive craniectomy. The events associated with the occurrence of ICH were tomographic findings at the time of admission of diffuse or hemispheric swelling (edema plus engorgement). The odds ratio for ICH in patients with Marshall III (diffuse swelling) tomography was 14 (95%CI 2.8-113; p<0.003), and for those with Marshall IV (hemispherical swelling) was 24.9 (95%CI 2.4-676, p<0.018). Mortality was 22.2%. Conclusions: Pediatric patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma and tomographic alterations of Marshall III and IV presented a high chance of developing ICH.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar eventos associados à ocorrência de hipertensão intracraniana (HIC) em pacientes pediátricos com traumatismo cranioencefálico grave. Métodos: Trata-se de coorte prospectiva de pacientes de até 18 anos, com traumatismo cranioencefálico, pontuação abaixo de nove na Escala de Coma de Glasgow e monitoração da pressão intracraniana, admitidos entre setembro de 2005 e março de 2014 em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. A HIC foi definida como episódio de pressão intracraniana acima de 20 mmHg por mais de cinco minutos e com necessidade de tratamento. Resultados: Incluídas 198 crianças e adolescentes, 70,2% masculinos, mediana de idade de nove anos. A HIC ocorreu em 135 (68,2%) pacientes; valor máximo de pressão intracraniana de 36,3; mediana 34 mmHg. Receberam sedação e analgesia para tratamento da HIC 133 (97,8%) pacientes, 108 (79,4%) receberam bloqueadores neuromusculares, 7 (5,2%) drenagem de líquor, 105 (77,2%) manitol, 96 (70,6%) hiperventilação, 64 (47,1%) solução salina a 3%, 20 (14,7%) barbitúricos e 43 (31,9%) foram submetidos à craniectomia descompressiva. Os eventos associados à ocorrência de HIC foram os achados tomográficos à admissão de swelling (edema mais ingurgitamento) difuso ou hemisférico. A razão de chance para que pacientes com classificação tomográfica Marshall III (swelling difuso) apresentassem HIC foi 14 (IC95% 2,8-113; p<0,003) e para aqueles com Marshall IV (hemisférico) foi 24,9 (IC95% 2,4-676; p<0,018). A mortalidade foi de 22,2%. Conclusões: Pacientes pediátricos com traumatismo cranioencefálico grave e alterações tomográficas tipo Marshall III e IV apresentaram grande chance de desenvolver HIC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Intracranial Pressure/physiology , Intracranial Hypertension/therapy , Intracranial Hypertension/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Glasgow Coma Scale , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Intracranial Hypertension/diagnostic imaging , Decompressive Craniectomy/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Neuromuscular Blocking Agents/therapeutic use
5.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 12: 946-952, jan.-dez. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1117008

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil dos pacientes acometidos com traumatismo cranioencefálico atendidas em um hospital público de Teresina. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, retrospectivo, documental de abordagem quantitativa realizado em um hospital público de Teresina-PI. Os dados foram coletados no período set/out/ de 2016 e janeiro de 2017 por meio de pesquisa nos prontuários através do formulário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras. Resultados: Registraram-se 1603 internações com o diagnóstico de traumatismo cranioencefálico destes, 5,67% tiveram traumatismo cranioencefálico leve, 92,67% moderado e 1,67% grave. Houve predomínio da faixa etária de 18 a 29 anos, sexo masculino, solteiro e o ensino fundamental. Nesta busca, 19,33% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o perfil do paciente acometido por trauma cranioencefálico, no hospital estudado, é caracterizado por um predomínio do sexo masculino com uma faixa etária de 19 a 29 anos, solteiros e com escolaridade de até o ensino fundamental


Objective: This study meant to identifying the traumatic brain injury patients' profile in a public hospital of Teresina city, Piauí State, Brazil. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory, retrospective and documental study with a quantitative approach, which was performed in a public hospital from Teresina city. Data collection took place from September 2016 to January 2017 by researching medical records based on a developed form. Results: Considering the total number of traumatic brain injury hospitalizations, 5.67% were mild, 92.67% were moderate, and 1.67% were severe injuries. There was a predominance of single males within the age group from 19 to 29 years old, holding at most elementary school education. According to the study results, 19.33% of the patients died. Conclusion: It was concluded that the traumatic brain injury patients' profile is characterized by a predominance of single males within the age group from 19 to 29 years old, holding at most elementary school education


Objetivo: identificar el perfil de los pacientes acometidos con traumatismo craneoencefálico atendidos en un hospital público de Teresina. Método: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, retrospectivo, documental de abordaje cuantitativo realizado en un hospital público de Teresina-PI. Los datos fueron recolectados en el período set / out / de 2016 y enero de 2017 por medio de investigación en los prontuarios a través del formulario elaborado por las investigadoras. Resultados: Se registraron 1603 internaciones con el diagnóstico de traumatismo craneoencefálico de éstos, 5,67% tuvieron traumatismo craneoencefálico leve, 92,67% moderado y 1,67% grave. Se observó predominio del grupo de edad de 18 a 29 años, sexo masculino, soltero y la enseñanza fundamental. En esta búsqueda, el 19,33% de los pacientes fueron a muerte. Conclusión: Se concluye que el perfil del paciente acometido por trauma craneoencefálico, en el hospital estudiado, se caracteriza por un predominio del sexo masculino con una franja etaria de 19 a 29 años, solteros y con escolaridad de hasta la enseñanza fundamental


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Health Profile , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality
6.
Rev. medica electron ; 41(2): 368-381, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1004274

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: el traumatismo encefalocraneano es una causa frecuente de mortalidad y morbilidad. Según datos epidemiológicos aporta la mayor cantidad de fallecidos en menores de 45 años a nivel mundial. Objetivo: caracterizar el trauma craneoencefálico desde el punto de vista clínico-quirúrgico, neuroimagenológico y por neuromonitorización en los pacientes investigados. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente José Ramón López Tabrane y Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández, de Matanzas, durante el periodo comprendido entre enero del 2016 a enero del 2018. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino con el 71,7% de los casos, la mayor prevalencia estuvo en edades inferiores a 48 años con el 80,1 %. La mayor cantidad presentaba un traumatismo encefalocraneano leve con el 56% de los casos seguido del traumatismo encefalocraneano moderado y severo con el 29% y 15% de los casos respectivamente. Predominaron las fracturas lineales (45,8%), seguido de las contusiones sin efecto de masa y los hematomas subdurales con el 24,2% y 23,3%. La mayoría de los pacientes presentó una escala de Marshall II con el 40,8%. Las cifras de presión intracraneal entre de 20-40 mmHg se presentó con mayor frecuencia (44,4 %). Conclusiones: la mitad de los pacientes neuromonitorizados presentaron una saturación del golfo de la vena yugular dentro de parámetros normales con el 50%. La operación más practicada fue la evacuación de hematomas subdurales con el 29,4%.


ABSTRACT Introduction: the encephalocranial trauma (ECT) is a frequent cause of mortality and morbidity. According to epidemiological data, it causes the highest number of deaths in people aged less than 45 years worldwide. Objective: to characterize the encephalocranial trauma from the clinical-surgical, neuroimaging and neuromonitoring point of view in the studied patients. Materials and methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in the Neurosurgery Service of the Provincial Teaching Surgical Clinical Hospitals "Jose Ramon Lopez Tabrane" and "Comandante Faustino Perez Hernandez", of Matanzas, during the period from January 2016 to January 2018. Results: male sex predominated with 71.7% of the cases; the highest prevalence was in ages below 48 years with 80.1%. Most of them presented a mild encephalocranial trauma with 56% of the cases followed by moderate and severe encephalocranial trauma with 29% and 15% of the cases respectively. Linear fractures predominated (45.8%), followed by contusions without mass effect and subdural hematomas with 24.2% and 23.3%. Most of patients presented a Marshall II scale with 40.8%. The intracranial pressure between 20-40 mmHg occurred more frequently (44.4%). Conclusions: half of the neuromonitored patients presented jugular vein gulf saturation within normal parameters with 50%. The most practiced operation was the evacuation of subdural hematomas with 29.4%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurosurgical Procedures , Tomography, Spiral Computed , Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Craniocerebral Trauma/classification , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnostic imaging , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis
8.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 53(2): 15-22, abr.-jun. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847819

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é considerado a maior causa de morte e incapacidade em todo mundo, principalmente entre adultos jovens. No Brasil, estima-se que mais de um milhão de pessoas vivam com sequelas neurológicas decorrentes do TCE. Apesar da sua alta prevalência e taxas de incidência em constante elevação, estudos epidemiológicos permanecem escassos. Objetivo: Discutir as evidências disponíveis em relação ao perfil epidemiológico da população brasileira acometida por TCE. Métodos: Realizou- se uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e PubMed. Os termos utilizados na busca foram traumatismo cranioencefálico, e/ou epidemiologia, e/ou Brasil. Para a busca no PubMed foram utilizados os termos em inglês traumatic brain injury, e/ou epidemiology, e/ou Brazil. Foram incluídos artigos originais, descritivos e de revisão que não restringiram a causa, a gravidade do TCE e a faixa etária estudada. Resultados: Foram encontrados oito estudos de 1993 a 2015, todos retrospectivos, sendo cinco deles realizados em hospitais de emergência e três baseados em bancos de dados. Indivíduos com menos de 40 anos, do sexo masculino foram os mais acometidos e as causas principais foram quedas e os acidentes de trânsito, destacando-se os motociclísticos. Conclusão: Estudos epidemiológicos robustos sobre o TCE no Brasil ainda são escassos. Todos os estudos foram retrospectivos e apenas dois apresentaram dados nacionais. Nesse contexto, estudos epidemiológicos de caráter prospectivo que investiguem de forma sistemática os fatores associados ao TCE, são urgentemente recomendados. (AU)


Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, especially among young adults. In Brazil, it is estimated that more than one million people live with disabilities due to TBI. Despite the high incidence of TBI and related socioeconomic burden, epidemiological studies are scarce. Objective: To discuss the available evidence regarding the epidemiological profile of Brazilian people victims of TBI. Methods: A literature review was conducted on the SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases. The terms used were traumatic brain injury and/or epidemiology, and/or Brazil. Original, descriptive and review studies that investigated only one specific cause of TBI, only one level of severity or a specific age group were not included in the current review. Results: Eight retrospective articles published between 1993 and 2015 were included. Five studies were conducted in emergency hospitals and three studies were based on databases records. Men under 40 years old were the most affected group, and the main causes of TBI were falls and traffic accidents, especially involving motorcycle. Conclusion: Sound epidemiological studies on TBI are still rare. All studies included were retrospective and only two reported national data. In this scenario, prospective epidemiological studies that systematically investigate the profile of TBI victims in Brazil are urgently necessary. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Accidental Falls , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Traffic , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Age Factors
9.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 33(2): 151-158, sep.-dic. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-795917

ABSTRACT

Resumen:Los Trauma Cranéo Encefálicos son actualmente uno de los principales y más frecuentes valoraciones de daño corporal que se realiza diariamente, en la actualidad la gran mayoría de los accidentes tiene implicado un trauma de cranéo aunado a daño cerebral.Este artículo se basa en identificar cuales son las principales secuelas que debemos tener presentes en aquellos evaluados que sufren TCE con pérdida de la consciencia y en que momento deben de valorarse para definir si estamos frente a un deficit neurológico transitorio o ya una secuela establecida.Caso: Presentamos el caso de un masculino de 36 años de edad, con alto nivel acádemico el cual posterior a un TCE en el año 2014, es valorado un año después para determiner posibles secuelas. Con un examen mental que aporta datos con escasa alteraciones en su desempeño general, se le realizan pruebas específicas de memoria y funciones ejecutivas detectando secuelas neuropsicológicas que tiene una relación causal con el TCE previo.Además de detectaron secuelas en algunos pares craneales esperables por el tipo de trauma sufrido (fractura de cranéo y fractura del techo de la órbita) como reducción del olfato (anosmia) y pérdida de la agudeza visual (PC más afectados en casos de TCE).Se destaca la importancia de valorar exámenes complementarios como radiografías, RM y otros. Además de entrevitas a los familiares para conocer el estado previo del evaluado antes del TCE, para ayudar con el diagnóstico clínico.Así como la importancia de realizar estos estudios luego de un año de ocurrido el TCE para estar frente a una secuela y no ante un déficits neurológicos transitorios que son frecuentes en este tipo de traumas.


Abstract:Craneoencephalic traumas are currently one of the main and more frequent assessments of bodily harm that is done daily, today the vast majority of accidents has meant a head injury combined with brain damage.This article is based on the principals identify what consequences that must be considered in those who suffer evaluated TCE with loss of consciousness and that time must be assessed to determine whether we are facing a transient neurological deficit or already an established sequel.Case: We present the case of a male 36 years of age, with high academic standards which after TBI in 2014, is worth a year later to determine possible consequences. With a mental test that provides data with little changes in its overall performance, you will perform specific tests of memory and executive functions detect neuropsychological sequelae that is causally associated with the prior TCE.Besides detected sequelae in some expected cranial by the type of trauma (fractured skull and broken roof of the orbit) and reduction of smell (anosmia) and loss of visual acuity (PC most affected in cases of TEC).The importance of assessing complementary tests like X-rays, MRI and other highlights. Besides entrevitas relatives to know the previous state of the evaluated before TEC, to help with clinical diagnosis.As the importance of these studies after a year of TCE happened to be facing a sequel and not to a transient neurological deficits that are common in this type of trauma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Accidents, Traffic , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Costa Rica
10.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 42(2): 160-167, nov. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-869770

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia relacionada con el monitoreo de la presion intracraneana en unidades de cuidado neurocrítico en el contexto de trauma craneoencefálico severo. Criterios de elección: Ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que comparen el uso del monitoreo de la presión intracraneana (PIC) que muestren un estimado de mortalidad/discapacidad a 6 meses, en pacientes mayores de 12 años de edad con trauma craneoencefálico severo (escala de Glasgow menor a 8). Método de búsqueda: En Medline, el Registro Central de Ensayos Controlados (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE; Grupo Cochrane de Lesiones y las listas de referencias de artículos. De acuerdo con el Manual Cochrane para meta-análisis y revisión sistemática. Resultados: No hubo diferencias entre el grupo de PIC y el control en el pronóstico de discapacidad (RR [Riesgo Relativo]1.01, 95 por ciento CI 0.87 to 1.18). Sin embargo, el monitoreo de la PIC reduce la estancia en UCI en comparación con otros métodos. La estancia en UCI con tratamiento cerebral específico también se redujo en comparación con grupo control. Conclusiones: En pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico, no hubo diferencia entre el monitoreo de la PIC y el examen clínico sin embargo, para mantener una PIC baja, hubo una sustancial reducción de requerimiento de solución salina hipertónica y un descenso en la hiperventilación trayendo consigo beneficios para pacientes en UCI.


Objectives: To systematically review the evidence of intracranial pressure monitoring in neuro critical care unit in the context of a severe head injury. Study eligibility criteria: Patients were older than 12 years ,had a severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow coma scale < 8), that compared the use of ICP monitoring with control, that presented an estimate of mortality/ disability prognosis 6 months after injury.only randomized clinical trials. Methods: Searched MEDLINE, the Central Registerof Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed, HINARI,EMBASE; Cochrane Injuries group and the reference lists of articles. In accordance with the Cochrane handbook for meta-analysis and systematic review. Results: In the ICP and control groups there was no difference in the prognosis of disability (RR [Relative Risk]1.01, 95 percent CI 0.87 to 1.18). However, ICP monitoring reduced the duration of stay in ICU compared to other surveillance methods. The stay in the ICU with specific medical support for brain injury was also reduced compared to the control group. Conclusions: In patients with severe traumatic brain injury, the ICP monitoring was not difference to imaging and clinical examination. However, by keeping the ICP low there was a substantial reduction in the requirement for hypertonic saline and a decrease in hyperventilation providing benefits to thepatient in the ICU.


Subject(s)
Humans , Intensive Care Units , Intracranial Pressure , Neurophysiological Monitoring/methods , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Critical Care , Prognosis
11.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 41(1): 21-27, jul. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-836040

ABSTRACT

El trauma craneoencefálico es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, y gran parte de estos se asocian a heridas por arma de fuego en cráneo. Conocer el manejo, las características y fisiopatología de la lesión nos permitirá saber abordar estos casos cuando se presenten a los diferentes centros asistenciales, al tiempo que nos permitirá tener en cuenta las posibles complicaciones, para evitar su aparición y así buscar mejorar la morbilidad por esta causa. Siempre acompañado de un manejo integral que permita abarcar todas las dimensiones afectadas.


Traumatic brain injury is a of the leading causes of death in the world, and many of these are associated with gunshot wounds in the skull. To know management the characteristics and pathophysiology of the lesion will tell as deal with these cases when presented to medical centers, while enabling us to take into account of possible complications, to prevent its occurrence and so try to improve morbidity from this cause. Always accompanied by an integrated management that can encompass all affected dimensions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/physiopathology , Craniocerebral Trauma/cerebrospinal fluid , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Head Injuries, Penetrating/classification , Wounds, Gunshot , Craniotomy , Diagnostic Imaging , Fistula , Intracranial Pressure
12.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 33(4): 306-317, dez. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782247

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) que tiveram internação hospitalar em instituições cobertas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde ? SUS, de 2000 a 2011. Método: Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa. Utilizaram-se dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH-SUS). Para o estudo, foram utilizados: taxa de internações por TCE por idade, sexo, ano, mês e duração da internação, óbitos hospitalares,diagnóstico secundário e valor da internação. Para fins de análise, foi utilizado o programa Tabwin. Resultados: O coeficiente de hospitalização em Sergipe variou de 22,8 a 38,1 por 100.000 habitantes e o coeficiente de mortalidade hospitalar foi de 4,5 por 100.000 habitantes por ano. As internações concentraram-se em homens (82,2%) e entre 20 a 39 anos (43,3%). A maior causa de internação e óbitos foram as causas cuja intenção é indeterminada (36,6% das internações e 42,4% dos óbitos),seguidas pelos acidentes de trânsito (33,2% e 32%, respectivamente). A letalidade hospitalar foi de 13,7%, sendo as agressões físicas e a faixa etária idosa as circunstâncias mais relacionadas ao óbito hospitalar. Conclusões: É necessário conhecer perfil da população acometida para traçar estratégiasindividuais e coletivas de prevenção desses agravos. O uso dos bancos de dados disponíveis é uma ferramenta valiosa nesse contexto


Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) who had hospitalization in institutions covered by the Unified Health System ? SUS, 2000-2011. Method: Descriptive research with quantitative approach. We used secondary data from the Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS).For this study, were used: rate of hospitalizations for TBI by age, sex, year, month and duration of stay, in-hospital deaths, secondary diagnosis and value of hospitalization. For purposes of analysis Tabwin was used. Results: The coefficient of hospitalization in Sergipe ranged from 22.8 to 38.1 per 100,000 inhabitants in the period and the Coefficient of in-hospital Mortality in period was 4.5 per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The hospitalizations were most on men (82.2%) and between 20 and 39 years (43.3%). The leading cause of hospitalization and death were the causes of indeterminate intent (36.6% of hospitalizations and 42.4% of deaths), followed by traffic accidents (33.2% and 32%, respectively). Hospital lethality was 13.7%, with assaults and elderly age group as the circumstances most related to hospital death. Conclusions: It is necessary to know the profile of the affected population to trace individual and collective strategies for prevention of these diseases. The use of available databases is a valuable tool in this context.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Hospitalization
13.
Lima; s.n; 2014. 69 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-758208

ABSTRACT

Estudiar la morbilidad y la mortalidad del Traumatismo Encéfalo Craneano (TEC) en niños atendidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos en el Hospital Nacional PNP Luis N. Sáenz (2006-2011). Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, transversal y descriptivo en 45 pacientes con diagnósticos de TEC, hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, de los cuales se excluyeron a 2 pacientes al no encontrarse las historias clínicas. Se elaboró una ficha de recolección de datos donde fueron vaciados y analizados en el programa Excel, se realizó tablas y gráficos, se calculó el número de observaciones, valor medio, DS, y valores máximo y mínimo. Asimismo, de los fenómenos cuantitativos y cualitativos, se calculó la frecuencia en porcentajes. Resultados: La edad promedio de los niños con TEC fue de 4.95±2 años; donde el grupo entre 2 años a 5 años fue el más frecuente (48.83 por ciento), predominando el sexo masculino (65.11 por ciento). Las siguientes características fueron significativas: caídas (81.3 por ciento); Escala de Coma de Glasgow (CGS) <8 (32.55 por ciento); fractura parietal (30.23 por ciento); el hematoma epidural y el edema cerebral se presentaron en un 20.93 por ciento, los síntomas: los vómitos con 72 por ciento seguidos de la somnolencia 30.23 por ciento y la pérdida de la consciencia 27.9 por ciento, se realizó ventilación mecánica al 11.62 por ciento de los casos, con más frecuencia en =< de 24 horas (4.64 por ciento); craneotomía y el drenaje del hematoma epidural se realizaron en el 16.27 por ciento de los casos. Las complicaciones se presentaron en 3 casos (6.96 por ciento) y mortalidad se presentó en 3 casos (6.96 por ciento). Conclusión: Las características clínico-epidemiológicas presentadas en los niños con TEC, nos permiten afirmar que el problema básico en este grupo etario es complejo. En el presente estudio se observó que el grupo etario más comprometido fue el grupo de niños...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Morbidity , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Observational Studies as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Lima; s.n; 2014. 38 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-758213

ABSTRACT

Identificar aquellos factores biológicos, clínicos, laboratoriales e imagenológicos que podrían servir como predictores (pronóstico) de resultado (muerte o secuela grave) en aquellos niños que sufren traumatismo encéfalo craneano moderado o grave. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de tipo analítico, y de diseño observacional, retrospectivo y transversal que incluyó a los pacientes menores de 15 años que ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo en Lima-Perú, entre el período del año 2006 al 2011. Resultados: Nuestro principal hallazgo consistió en la identificación de cuatro factores con capacidad de predicción (pronóstico): Tiempo de llegada al hospital mayor de 24 horas luego del evento, glicemia mayor de 200mg/dl, ausencia de respuesta ocular al estímulo y sexo femenino. La conjunción de estos cuatro factores en un niño con TEC moderado/severo atendido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo de la ciudad de Lima-Perú entre el período de 2006 a 2011 predijo con una probabilidad del 87,5 por ciento el mal resultado (muerte o secuela neurológica desfavorable). En el análisis univariado de las variables estudiadas no se obtuvo asociación estadísticamente importante entre los factores biológicos (edad, sexo, comorbilidad), clínicos (escala de Glasgow, estado de las pupilas, presión arterial sistólica, presión arterial diastólica, presión arterial media), datos laboratoriales (nivel de glicemia al ingreso) ni de los datos tomo gráficos (Score tomográfico de Marshall) con el resultado neurológico al egreso. Sí se obtuvo, en algunos casos un mayor riesgo relativo, sin embargo éste tampoco fue estadísticamente importante. Conclusiones: Como resultado del análisis multivariado de las variables estudiadas logramos identificar, como era nuestro objetivo principal, cuatro factores asociados y con potencial de predicción en los niños que ingresaron a la...


The aim of our investigation was to identify those biological, clinical, laboratory and imaging factors that could serve as predictors (forecast) outcome (death or severe sequel) in children who suffer mild traumatic brain injury or severe. Methods: An analytical study was performed with observational, retrospective and cross-sectional design that included patients younger than 15 years admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Dos de Mayo in Lima-Peru, between the periods of 2006 to 2011. Results: Our main finding was the identification of four factors with predictability (forecast): Time of arrival to the hospital 24 hours after the event, blood sugar over 200mg/dl, absence of ocular response to stimulation and female gender. The combination of these four factors in a child with moderate/severe TEC treated in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the National Hospital Dos de Mayo in Lima-Peru between the period of 2006 to 2011 predicted with a probability of 87.5 per cent poor outcome (death or poor neurologic sequel). Univariate analysis of the variables not found any statistically significant association between biological factors (age, sex, comorbidity), clinical factors (GCS, pupil status, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure), laboratory data (blood glucose level on admission) or tomographic data (Score tomographic Marshall) with neurological outcome at discharge. In some cases a higher relative risk, if obtained however this was not statistically significant. Conclusions: As result of the multivariate analysis of the variables studied we identified four factors associated with predictability in children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care at National Hospital Dos de Mayo in Lima-Peru between the period 2006-2011. These are: time of arrival at the hospital later than 24 hours from the trauma, blood glucose 200mg/dl or higher at hospital income, absence...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Risk Factors , Prognosis , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Observational Studies as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(11): 1395-1401, nov. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-704565

ABSTRACT

Background: Trauma is an important cause of death among young adults. Aim: To determine the characteristics, treatments and evolution of trauma patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) of a public hospital in Santiago, Chile. Material and Methods: All polytrauma (PT) and severely traumatized (ST) patients admitted to ICU were included. We recorded the type of trauma along with demographic and hemodynamic variables, treatments and complications. The evolution and treatments received by PT and ST patients were compared. Results: We recorded data from 72 patients aged 43 ± 21 years (93% males). Sixty two percent were PT and 24% had penetrating injuries. TBI (Trauma Brain Injury) was the most common trauma. On admission, acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score was 18.7 + 7.3, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 32.8 + 20.1. ICU stay was 7.8 + 6 days. Sixty seven per cent of patients required surgery and 58% received blood transfusions. No differences were found between PT and ST. ICU and hospital mortality rates were 15 and 25% respectively. Conclusions: The characteristics and evolution of PT and ST of this series of patients are similar to those described abroad. Mortality was in agreement with ISS and APACHE II scores.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Wounds and Injuries , APACHE , Blood Transfusion , Chile/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/therapy , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Hospital Mortality , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, General , Injury Severity Score , Intensive Care Units , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries/mortality , Wounds and Injuries/therapy
16.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 32(3): 136-142, set. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719973

ABSTRACT

To describe the estimates of morbidity and nosocomial mortality for traumatic brain injury (TBI), along with its causes. Methods: This is a descriptive series of hospitalizations in public Brazilian hospitals, with patients with age among 14 and 69 years, during the period of 2001 to 2007. It was selected the total number of hospitalizations for TBI and others diagnoses. It was estimated prevalence rates, and the coefficients of nosocomial mortality and lethality of TBI and the external causes of TBI for each year of jurisdiction. Results: The hospitalizations for TBI concentrated among men (81.50%) aged between 14-34 years (53.00%). The median time of inpatient care was three days, with a total of 52,087 deaths. Falls (35.00%), and traffic accidents (31.00%) were the causes that most contributed to TBI. After exclusion of non-specified lesions, the most frequent diagnoses were the diffuse lesions (36.3%). The prevalence rate and nosocomial lethality remained elevated. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish preventive measures for TBI. The estimates of morbidity and lethality remain high.


Descrever estimativas de morbimortalidade hospitalar por traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) e suas circunstâncias no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo das internações no Brasil, nos anos de 2001 a 2007, registradas no SUS (14 a 69 anos de idade). Selecionou-se o total das internações por TCE e por alguns agravos selecionados. Foram estimados os coe!cientes de prevalência, mortalidade e letalidade hospitalar e as causas externas responsáveis pelas internações por TCE. Resultados: As hospitalizações por TCE concentraram-se entre os homens (81,50%) e nos mais jovens (53,00%). Tiveram permanência hospitalar de até três dias (49,00%) e ocasionaram 52.087 óbitos. As quedas (35,00%) e os acidentes de trânsito (31,00%) foram as circunstâncias que mais contribuíram para o TCE. Excetuando-se as lesões não identicadas, as lesões difusas foram os diagnósticos maisfrequentes (36,3%). Os coe!cientes de prevalência, mortalidade e letalidade hospitalar por TCE não apresentaram diminuição durante o período do estudo. Conclusão: É necessário direcionar esforços das políticas públicas para prevenção do TCE.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Unified Health System , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Hospital Mortality
17.
Lima; s.n; 2013. 63 p. tab.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-724622

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar el tiempo de duración del transporte del paciente con traumatismo craneoencefálico desde el lugar del accidente hasta la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Emergencias Pediátricas, Periodo 2006-2010. Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad en el paciente con traumatismo craneoencefálico ingresados a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Emergencias Pediátricas, Periodo 2006 - 2010. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio analítico descriptivo, retrospectivo, observacional. EI universo estuvo definido por todos los pacientes que ingresaron hospitalizados al Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos desde Enero del 2006 a Diciembre del 2010. La población de estudio está formado por aquellos paciente que tuvieron el diagnóstico de traumatismo encéfalo craneano que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. En la información recogida. Se empleó estadística descriptiva con determinación de frecuencias absolutas y relativas para variables categ6ricas; para variables numéricas se calculó la media y el rango. Las pruebas de STUDENT y JI CUADRADO se aplicaron a las variables continuas como la edad y el tiempo de traslado. La Aproximación a la Binomial para las variables nominales así como para cada factor de riesgo se consideró el OR simples e IC. Se consideró significativo un p<0,05. Las tablas se realizaron con el programa Excel de Microsoft. Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 188 historias clínicas con el diagnóstico de trauma craneoencefálico que correspondieron al 13,2 por ciento de los ingresos a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Emergencias Pediátricas, encontrándose que la mortalidad fue del 6,4 por ciento de los pacientes. El 62,8 por ciento correspondieron al sexo masculino y la media de edad fue de 5,32 años. El 68,6 por ciento procedieron de Lima Ciudad. La causa más frecuente de trauma craneoencefálico fueron las caídas 71,3 por ciento, accidentes de tránsito 23,4...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Critical Care , Transportation of Patients , Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies
18.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-143476

ABSTRACT

Head injury is a serious health problem throughout the world. Increasing vehicles on roads work as catalyst for high incidence of casualties especially of Cranio-cerebral injuries. This is an autopsy based study of head injury cases, conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine, S.N. Medical College Agra in year 2009-2010 for their demographic and etiological profile. Majority of the victims of head injury are male (76%) and of 3rd – 4th decade of life (54.4%). 66.4% head injury cases due to accident, Road traffic accident is the single largest cause i.e. 59.2%; out of which two wheelers are responsible for one-third (33%) of the casualties. Most common external injury is laceration of the scalp with or without contusion. Fracture of skull bones (97.2% cases; mostly fissured and comminuted fracture of parietal & temporal) and intracranial hemorrhages (96.4%) are seen in almost all the cases. Contre-coup injuries seen in about 2.8% cases, contre-coup haemorrhage observe mostly fronto-temporal area. Majority of the victim died on the spot or in the way to hospital without any medical assistance where the Cause of death mostly haemorrhage and shock.


Subject(s)
Adult , Accidents, Traffic/mortality , Cause of Death , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma/statistics & numerical data , Demography , Female , Head/injuries , Humans , India , Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology , Intracranial Hemorrhages/mortality , Male , Young Adult
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-143469

ABSTRACT

Killing of a human being is one of the most serious or major crimes. Assailants are very keen to conceal crime by different methods, so there may be wrong interpretation by inexperienced autopsy surgeons and hence it may lead to injustice. So it is important that our keen observation and opinion should be conclusive for the administration of justice. In this paper we are presenting a rare case which was brought by police as a case of electrocution. After meticulous autopsy and crime scene visit, the case turned to be of homicidal manner. The cause of death was manual strangulation with head injury and electrical injuries were post-mortem in nature. The deceased was under the influence of alcohol. The necessary investigations like histo-pathological examination also ruled out ante-mortem nature of electric injury. The present paper highlights the importance of meticulous autopsy and crime scene visit for determination of cause and manner of death.


Subject(s)
Autopsy , Cause of Death , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Electric Injuries/etiology , Humans , Ligation/methods , Ligation/mortality , India , Male , Middle Aged , Postmortem Changes
20.
Rev. medica electron ; 32(6)nov.-dic. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-616133

ABSTRACT

En Cuba los traumas craneoencefálicos graves se consideran la cuarta causa de muerte, pero constituyen la primera en la población menor de 45 años de edad, a la vez que son responsables de dos tercios de las muertes en esta edad. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, con el objetivo de caracterizar los pacientes con traumas craneoencefálicos, que fueron atendidos por el servicio de neurocirugía del Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente José R. López Tabrane, de Matanzas, procedentes de las diferentes unidades de atención de la provincia, en el año 2009. La muestra la forman 60 pacientes. Entre los principales resultados se destacan que el accidente de tránsito constituyó la principal causa de traumatismo; la población masculina por debajo de los 45 años es la más afectada; y la mayor mortalidad estuvo vinculada a las colecciones yuxtadurales y los traumatismos múltiples. La mortalidad fue de un 30 por ciento...


In Cuba, severe craneoencephalic traumas are considered the fourth cause of death, but are the first one in the less-than-45-years-old population, at the same time that are responsible for two third of the deaths in this age. We made an observational, descriptive and transversal study, with the objective of characterizing the patients with craneoencephalic traumas that were attended in the neurosurgical service of the Teaching Clinico-surgical Provincial Hospital Jose R. Lopez Tabrane, of Matanzas, remitted form the different health care institutions of the province in 2009. The sample was formed by 60 patients. Among the main results stood out the fact that traffic accidents were the main cause of traumatism; the male population less than 45 years old was the most affected one; and the higher mortality was related to yuxtadural collections and multiple traumatisms. There was a 30 percent of mortality...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accidents, Traffic , Accidental Falls , Intracranial Hypertension/complications , Neurosurgery , Ancillary Services, Hospital , Tomography/methods , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Craniocerebral Trauma , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Studies as Topic
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